Use of demonstrative pronouns👀

Demonstrative pronouns are words used to point out or indicate objects, people, or ideas in relation to their proximity (nearness or distance) in space or time. In English, there are four main demonstrative pronouns:

  1. This (este, esta)
  2. These (estos, estas)
  3. That (ese, esa, aquel, aquella)
  4. Those (esos, esas, aquellos, aquellas)


Use of demonstrative pronouns/Uso de los pronombres demostrativos

1. This (este/esta) – Singular

  • It is used to refer to something close in space or time.
  • Se usa para referirse a algo cercano en el espacio o tiempo.
  • Examples/Ejemplos:
    • This is my book. (Este es mi libro).
    • This is a beautiful day. (Este es un día hermoso).
    • This car is mine. (Este coche es mío).
  • It can also refer to something you just mentioned or that is happening now.
  • También puede referirse a algo que acabas de mencionar o que está sucediendo ahora.
    • This is what I mean. (Esto es lo que quiero decir).

2. These (estos/estas) – Plural

  • It is used to refer to several things close in space or time.
  • Se usa para referirse a varias cosas cercanas en el espacio o tiempo.
  • Examples/Ejemplos:
    • These are my friends. (Estos son mis amigos).
    • These shoes are very comfortable. (Estos zapatos son muy cómodos).
    • These books belong to me. (Estos libros me pertenecen).
  • It is used in situations where there is more than one thing or person nearby.
  • Se usa en situaciones donde hay más de una cosa o persona cercana.
    • These are the apples I bought. (Estas son las manzanas que compré).

3. That (ese/esa, aquel/aquella) – Singular

  • It is used to refer to something far away in space or time.
  • Se usa para referirse a algo lejano en el espacio o tiempo.
  • Examples/Ejemplos:
    • That is my house over there. (Esa es mi casa allá).
    • That was a great movie. (Esa fue una gran película).
    • That idea sounds interesting. (Esa idea suena interesante).
  • It can also be used to talk about something that happened in the past.
  • También se puede usar para hablar de algo que ocurrió en el pasado.
    • That was a difficult exam. (Ese fue un examen difícil).

4. Those (esos/esas, aquellos/aquellas) – Plural

  • It is used to refer to various things that are distant in space or time.
  • Se usa para referirse a varias cosas lejanas en el espacio o tiempo.
  • Examples/Ejemplos:
    • Those are my grandparents' house. (Esa es la casa de mis abuelos).
    • Those flowers are beautiful. (Esas flores son hermosas).
    • Those people are waiting for the bus. (Esas personas están esperando el autobús).
  • It also refers to things or people that are in the past or outside the current situation.
  • También se refiere a cosas o personas que están en el pasado o fuera de la situación actual.
    • Those were the best days of my life. (Esos fueron los mejores días de mi vida).

Summary/Resumen:

  • This: singular, algo cercano.
  • These: plural, cosas cercanas.
  • That: singular, algo lejano.
  • Those: plural, cosas lejanas.

These pronouns are essential for indicating distance in time and space, and are common in both everyday speech and writing.

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